Stove Top Stuffing

Stuffing PatentU.S. Patent No 3,870,803 was issued to General Foods on March 11, 1975 for Instant Stuffing Mix. Ruth Siems, Anthony C. Capossela Jr., John F. Halligan and C. Robert Wyss are listed as the inventors. The patent was based on the correct size of the bread crumb for successful rehydration. A bread crumb that is too small will turn into a soggy mess when water is added. If the crumb is too large, the water will not soften the crumb.

“The nature of the cell structure and overall texture of the dried bread crumb employed in this invention is of great importance if a stuffing which will hydrate in a matter of minutes to the proper texture and mouthfeel is to be prepared.”

The idea for the instant stuffing came from the marketing department of General Foods but the research and development team had to create the product. The test kitchens, chefs and employees were all working on developing the stuffing. Ultimately, Siems’ idea was the one chosen. Kraft, who now owns the Stove Top Stuffing brand, sells over 60 million boxes around Thanksgiving. Continue reading “It’s Not All About the Turkey: Thanksgiving Patents”

Question from Cassie K.:
I was watching Antiques Roadshow and some expert was talking about old medical devices. He said the stethoscope was invented by a doctor who felt embarrassed listening directly to a woman’s heartbeat by pressing his ear to her chest, which was how they did that at the time. Out of respect he took a rolled up tube of paper and listened to her heartbeat that way… and it evolved from there.
Is that really true?

Dear Cassie,

The invention of the stethoscopes is one of those rare legends that is, in fact, true!

An early drawing of Laennec's original stethoscope.

An early drawing of Laennec's original stethoscope.

The stethoscope was invented in 1816 by Frech Physician Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec. The method of listening to ones heartbeat at the time involved placing an ear directly on the patient’s chest. Laennec found himself uncomfortable examining a female patient using this method.

Remembering a trick from childhood, he rolled up sheets off paper into a cylinder. He placed one end on the woman’s chest and the other end at his ear. He quickly discovered that the sound of the patient’s hearbeat was loud and clear through the tube.

Laennec named his new device the stethoscope, from stethos (chest), and skopos (examination).

Laennec’s original invention didn’t look much different than a rolled up tube of paper. More “modern looking,” flexible-tube stethoscopes would begin to surface later in the 1850’s.

Every year, Time magazine releases a list of what it considers the top 50 inventions of the year. A few of this year’s inventions you may have heard of already such as the iPad but many you probably haven’t. Some of the inventions on this list include the Looxcie, Amtrak’s beef powered train, a Malaria proof mosquito, faster growing salmon and a semi-supervised algorithm for sarcasm identification.

Looxcie
LooxcieLooxcie was invented by a man who was tired of dealing with a video camera while trying to record a children’s birthday party. Instead of being stuck behind the camera, it would be possible to participate in events while capturing the moments on video at the same time. Looxcie is a Bluetooth enabled video camera that you wear over you ear which uses a smart phone as the view finder. You line up the camera with what you want to video, put your phone away and enjoy the moment while still recording. Continue reading “Top 50 Inventions of 2010”

Question from Jamie W.:
Hi Geek!! I have a medical invention question for you: I remember reading somewhere of solid prosthetic limbs made out of wood being used as far back as B.C. time. Is that true? And, can you tell me when one was invented that incorporated movement and acted more like a “real” limb?

In a very primitive form, prosthetic limbs have been in use since as far back as 500 B.C. The earliest written reference to a fake limb is from around 500 B.C. A prisoner escaped by cutting off his own foot and then attached a wooden replacement. The oldest proof of a prosthetic limb which dates from 300 B.C was found in Capri, Italy. In 1858, a copper and wooden leg was found.

Real advancements in prosthetics were not made until the early part of the 16th century. A French military doctor, Ambroise Paré invented a hinged mechanical hand and prosthetic legs that had locking knees and harness for attaching. Around 1690, Pieter Verduyn, a Dutch surgeon developed a leg prosthesis with specialized hinges and a cuff for attaching to the body. The features designed by these two man are still part of many modern prosthetics.

first x-rayThis week in 1895, a monumental advancement in medical technology was made by accident in a German lab.

On November 8, 1895, German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays while experimenting with vacuum tubes. Röntgen was investigating cathode rays with a fluorescent screen painted with barium platinocyanide and a Crookes tube which he had wrapped in black cardboard so the visible light from the tube wouldn’t interfere. He noticed a faint green glow from the screen, about 1 meter away. He realized some invisible rays coming from the tube were passing through the cardboard to make the screen glow. Continue reading “The Accidental Discovery of Radiation X – Contribution to Medical Tools”

Question from Corra S.:
Who should I thank for the inconvenience of changing my clocks back an hour every fall?

Benjamin Franklin is often wrongly credited as the inventor of Daylight Savings Time. In a satirical essay “Turkey versus Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle.” Franklin suggested that people get up earlier in the summer to take advantage of the sunlight. He did not mention changing the clocks.

Modern daylight savings time was first proposed by a New Zealander named George Vernon Hudson. His shift-work gave him time to collect insects and taught him about the value of after-work daylight hours. In 1895, he wrote a paper presenting a two-hour daylight saving shift. Many people were interested in his idea and he wrote another paper on the subject in 1898.

So when you have to change all of your clocks, you can thank George Vernon Hudson.

Z1The first program-controlled computer machine was built in the inventor’s parent’s living room. The Z1 was assembled between 1936 and 1938 by a German man with no background in electronics. Konrad Zuse, a civil engineer, quit his job at an aviation company to build his device.

His job at the aviation company required extensive mathematical calculations that were done by hand with paper and pencil. Mechanical calculators at the time were very expensive and were mainly designed for statistics, accounting and other business applications. A quote from Zuse explains his motivation for building the machine:”You could say that I was too lazy to calculate and so I invented the computer. ” Continue reading “The Invention of the First Computer…Sort of”

Question from Christine G.:
I think the inventions where people try to explore “the other side” are pretty interesting – whether they’re a hoax or real or whatever – I just get a kick out of what different people come up with.

Anyway, I was googling around on the subject online, and I found some stuff about “spirit boxes” that ‘supposedly’ allow people to pick up voices from ghosts through some modified radio. I thought this was a new idea, but then I saw something where it said Edison was the first one to try to come up with something like that? Did he really?

Happy Halloween!!!

Happy Halloween to you, Christine! And thanks for the timely question!

You’re right about the ‘interesting’ ideas some people come up with, otherworldly or otherwise. As for your question about Thomas Edison’s involvement with the paranormal, specifically a means to “speak to the dead”:

The idea that Thomas Edison was working on a spirit phone began with an interview he gave to B.C. Forbes for American Magazine in 1920. The article stated that Edison was working on a device that would allow him to communicate with the dead. The magazine included a picture of Edison working in his lab with the caption -“Thomas A. Edison – the world’s foremost inventor who is now at work on an apparatus designed to place psychical research on a scientific basis.” A misquote supposedly from the article was often published: “if we can evolve an instrument so delicate as to be affected by our personality as it survives in the next life, such an instrument, when made available, ought to record something.”

In 1926, Edison claimed in a New York Times article that interview was a hoax. “…I really had nothing to tell him, but I hated to disappoint him so I thought up this story about communicating with spirits, but it was all a joke.”

No patents were ever filed on such a device by Edison. No notes, drawings or prototype for such a device was ever found. So although no one knows for sure, Edison probably never worked on a spirit phone or any other invention to communicate with the dead.

ouija adBelieve it or not, there are numerous patents for the most popular device supposedly used to communicate with those in the spirit world. The device wasn’t really invented by any of the patent holders, instead it was refined. A Ouija board is used by putting your fingertips on the planchette or indicator and allowing the spirits to guide the planchette around the board. This idea was not new to the Ouija board. “Automatic writing” which was practiced by the ancient Chinese was a process of producing writing utilizing a planchette. Supposedly, the hands of the writer were guided by forces beyond themselves.

In the mid-nineteenth century, spiritualist were everywhere. Spiritualists began holding seances and looking for ways to communicate with the dead. The talking board was among the ways people were attempting to talk with spirits. The first patent for one these talking boards was granted to Adolphus Theodore Wagner, on January 23, 1854 in London, England. Continue reading “Answer to Your Questions? – Ouija Board Patent”

Question from Caycee L.:
I was watching that movie “The Aviator” about Howard Hughes. It looks like he was really smart, and he definitely did a lot for the aviation world, but also alot of his inventions failed. Do you know how many of his inventions received patents?

Howard Hughes formed the Hughes Aircraft Corporation to pursue his interest in aviation. Hughes Aircraft has 6054 U.S. patents.

The basis of Howard Hughes’ fortune was patents held by his father Howard Hughes Sr. On August 10, 1909, Howard Hughes Sr. was granted U.S. Patent 930,758 and U.S. Patent 930,759 for a two-cone roller bit. His bit allowed for drilling for oil in previously inaccessible places

Howard Hughes Jr.’s father passed away when he was only 18 and he acquired 75% of the Hughes Tool Company. Hughes took this inheritance worth one million dollars and turned into a two billion dollar fortune thanks in part to patent rights.